Land Record Bihar: View Bihar Bhumi, Jamabandi, RoR, Mutation, Bhulekh & Online Land Services

Introduction: Understanding Land Records in Bihar

Land records play a vital role in Bihar, where agriculture, ancestral property, and land ownership are deeply connected to people’s livelihoods. For decades, land information in Bihar was maintained manually in registers at revenue offices. This traditional system often led to delays, errors, corruption, missing records, and land disputes.

To solve these issues, the Government of Bihar introduced digital land record systems under the Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP). Today, citizens can access Bihar land records online through official portals.

This detailed guide explains everything related to land records in Bihar, including:

• Types of land records
• Jamabandi and RoR
• Mutation process
• Online portals and services
• How to check and download records
• Common problems and solutions
• Legal importance of land records

What Are Land Records in Bihar?

Land records are official government documents that contain details related to land ownership, land area, land type, and revenue information.

In Bihar, land records help answer questions like:

• Who owns the land?
• How much land does a person own?
• Where is the land located?
• Is the land agricultural or residential?
• Has ownership changed recently?

These records are used for property sale, inheritance, loans, court cases, government schemes, and taxation.

Importance of Land Records in Bihar

Land records are not just documents; they are legal proof of ownership. Their importance includes:

• ✔ Proof of ownership
• ✔ Prevention of land disputes
• ✔ Property buying verification
• ✔ Bank loan approvals
• ✔ Crop insurance and subsidies
• ✔ Government welfare schemes
• ✔ Court and legal proceedings
• ✔ Urban and rural planning

Without accurate land records, property transactions can become risky and legally complicated.

Types of Land Records in Bihar

Bihar land records consist of multiple documents. Each serves a specific purpose.

1. Jamabandi (Record of Rights – RoR)

Jamabandi is the most important land document in Bihar. It is also known as Record of Rights.

Jamabandi contains:

• Landowner’s name
• Father/Husband’s name
• Plot (Khasra/Gata) numbers
• Land area
• Type of land
• Ownership rights
• Revenue details

Jamabandi acts as primary proof of land ownership.

2. Khatian

Khatian is a register that lists landowners village-wise. It shows:

• Owner names
• Plot details
• Share in land
• Revenue liabilities

Khatian is often used along with Jamabandi for verification.

3. Khasra / Plot / Gata Number

A Khasra number (also called Plot or Gata number) is a unique identification number assigned to each piece of land.

It helps in:

• Identifying exact land location
• Searching land records online
• Linking land with maps (Bhunaksha)

4. Mutation Record

Mutation records changes in land ownership due to:

• Sale
• Inheritance
• Gift
• Partition
• Court order

Mutation does not prove ownership by itself, but it updates revenue records with the new owner’s name.

5. Survey Records

Survey records include:

• Old survey maps
• New settlement data
• Land measurements
• Boundary details

These records are important during land disputes.

Digital Land Record System in Bihar

To modernize land administration, Bihar introduced multiple online platforms:

Major Objectives of Digital Land Records

• Digitization of land data
• Transparency and accountability
• Easy public access
• Reduction of corruption
• Faster mutation and verification
• Integration with maps and Aadhaar

Bihar Bhumi (Bhulekh Bihar) Portal

Bihar Bhumi is the primary official portal for checking land records online in Bihar.

Services Available on Bihar Bhumi:

• View Jamabandi
• Check RoR details
• Search land by owner name
• Village-wise land data
• Download land records

This portal is widely used by farmers, buyers, and legal professionals.

How to Check Land Record Online in Bihar (Step-by-Step)

Step 1: Go to Official Bihar Land Record Portal

Open Bihar Bhumi or Bhulekh Bihar website (https://biharbhumi.bihar.gov.in/)

Step 2: Select Location

Choose:

• District
• Anchal / Tehsil
• Village

Step 3: Choose Search Method

Search using:

• Khasra/Plot number
• Khata number
• Owner name

Step 4: View Jamabandi / RoR

The system displays ownership and land details.

Step 5: Download or Print

Save the record for reference or official use.

Why Mutation Is Important

• Updates ownership in revenue records
• Required after property transfer
• Needed for future land transactions

Mutation Can Be Done For:

• Sale deed
• Inheritance
• Partition
• Court judgment

eMutation has reduced manual workload and delays.

How to Check Mutation Status in Bihar

1. Visit eMutation Bihar portal
2. Enter application number or plot details
3. View mutation status
4. Download acknowledgment or order

BhuAbhilekh Bihar (Advanced Land Search)

BhuAbhilekh offers advanced search options for Bihar land records.

Features:

• Detailed plot information
• Owner-wise and plot-wise search
• Revenue and classification data
• Historical land details

It is helpful for legal and administrative purposes.

BhuMiJankari Bihar

BhuMiJankari is another official land information system providing:

• Plot verification
• Village land data
• Ownership details
• Cross-verification support

Bhunaksha Bihar (Land Maps)

Bhunaksha provides cadastral land maps linked with plot numbers.

Bhunaksha Helps In:

• Viewing land boundaries
• Checking plot dimensions
• Resolving boundary disputes
• Verifying land location visually

Text records + maps together give complete land clarity.

Documents Required for Land Record Services in Bihar

For verification, mutation, or correction, you may need:

• Aadhaar card / Voter ID
• Sale deed or inheritance document
• Old Jamabandi copy
• Mutation application
• Court order (if applicable)

Common Problems in Bihar Land Records

Despite digitization, some issues remain:

• Old survey data mismatch
• Spelling mistakes in names
• Missing plot entries
• Delayed mutation approval
• Incomplete records

Solution:

Contact:

• Circle Officer
• Anchal Office
• District Revenue Office

Legal Validity of Online Land Records

Online land records are official government data.
However:

• For court or registry, certified copies may be required
• Online copies are ideal for verification and reference

Benefits of Digital Land Records in Bihar

For Farmers

• Crop loans
• Subsidies
• PM schemes

For Buyers

• Ownership verification
• Fraud prevention

For Government

• Planning and taxation
• Reduced litigation

Role of DILRMP in Bihar Land Records

The Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme aims to:

• Integrate textual and spatial data
• Enable real-time updates
• Improve governance
• Empower citizens

Bihar is gradually aligning with this vision.

Tips Before Buying Land in Bihar

• Always check Jamabandi
• Verify mutation status
• Match plot number with Bhunaksha
• Check land classification
• Avoid unverified sellers

Future of Land Records in Bihar

Upcoming improvements include:

• GIS integration
• Aadhaar linking
• Faster mutation
• Blockchain-based security
• Mobile-first platforms

What Is Jamabandi in Bihar?

Jamabandi is the backbone of the land record system in Bihar. It is officially known as the Record of Rights (RoR) and is maintained by the Revenue Department.

Jamabandi clearly defines:

• Legal ownership of land
• Share of each co-owner
• Type and usage of land
• Revenue liability

Without Jamabandi, no land transaction is considered safe or legally reliable.

Information Available in Bihar Jamabandi

A Jamabandi record generally includes:

• Owner’s full name
• Father’s / Husband’s name
• Khata number
• Plot (Khasra) number
• Total land area
• Land classification (agricultural, residential, gair majarua, etc.)
• Share percentage
• Revenue details
• Village, Anchal, District

Each of these fields plays an important legal role.

Why Jamabandi Is Important

Jamabandi is required for:

• Buying or selling land
• Bank loans and mortgages
• Mutation applications
• Court cases
• Government schemes
• Inheritance settlements

It acts as primary ownership proof, though final ownership is established through registered deeds.

How to Check Jamabandi Online in Bihar

Step-by-Step Process

1. Visit the official Bihar land record portal
2. Select:
   1. District
   1. Anchal
   1. Village
3. Choose search option:
   1. Khata number
   1. Plot number
   1. Landowner name
4. Click Search
5. View Jamabandi details
6. Download or print for reference

This service is free and available 24×7.

Mutation in Bihar: Complete Explanation

What Is Mutation?

Mutation is the process of updating land records after ownership changes. It ensures that the new owner’s name appears in revenue records.

Mutation happens after:

• Sale deed registration
• Inheritance
• Gift deed
• Partition
• Court order

Is Mutation Proof of Ownership?

No.
Mutation does not grant ownership, but it updates government records for:

• Tax collection
• Administrative purposes
• Future verification

Registered documents are the final legal proof.

Types of Mutation in Bihar

1. Mutation by Sale
2. Mutation by Inheritance
3. Mutation by Gift
4. Mutation by Partition
5. Mutation by Court Order

Each type follows a slightly different verification process.

eMutation Bihar: Online Mutation System

The eMutation Bihar portal allows citizens to apply for mutation online without visiting offices repeatedly.

Benefits of eMutation

• Transparent process
• Faster approval
• Reduced corruption
• Online tracking
• SMS alerts

Documents Required for Mutation in Bihar

• Registered sale deed / inheritance document
• Applicant ID proof
• Previous Jamabandi copy
• Affidavit (if required)
• Court order (if applicable)

How to Apply for Mutation Online in Bihar

1. Visit the eMutation Bihar portal
2. Register/Login
3. Select mutation type
4. Enter land and ownership details
5. Upload documents
6. Submit application
7. Track status online

Approval usually takes 15–45 days, depending on verification.

How to Check Mutation Status in Bihar

1. Open eMutation portal
2. Enter application number
3. View status:
   1. Submitted
   1. Under verification
   1. Approved
   1. Rejected

Rejected applications show reasons for correction.

Correction in Bihar Land Records

Common Errors in Land Records

• Spelling mistakes in names
• Incorrect land area
• Wrong plot number
• Ownership mismatch
• Missing entries

Such errors can cause serious legal issues.

How to Apply for Land Record Correction

1. Visit Anchal Office
2. Submit correction application
3. Attach supporting documents
4. Field verification by officials
5. Approval by Circle Officer

Some districts also allow online correction requests.

Bihar Land Classification Explained

Understanding land classification is crucial before purchase.

Major Land Types in Bihar

• Raiyati Land – Private ownership land
• Gair Majarua Aam – Government land for public use
• Gair Majarua Khas – Government land under possession
• Agricultural Land – Farming use
• Residential Land – Housing purpose
• Commercial Land – Business use

Buying government or restricted land can lead to legal trouble.

Bhunaksha Bihar: Land Map System

What Is Bhunaksha?

Bhunaksha Bihar is the digital cadastral map system that shows:

• Plot boundaries
• Shape of land
• Adjacent plots
• Measurement details

It visually connects plot numbers with actual land location.

Importance of Bhunaksha

• Avoids boundary disputes
• Confirms land dimensions
• Helps in construction planning
• Supports court cases

Always match Jamabandi data with Bhunaksha maps.

How to View Land Map Online in Bihar

1. Open Bhunaksha portal
2. Select district, tehsil, village
3. Enter plot number
4. View and zoom map
5. Download map copy

Bihar Land Records for Property Buyers

Before buying land in Bihar, always verify:

• Jamabandi ownership
• Mutation status
• Bhunaksha map
• Land classification
• Encumbrances
• Legal disputes

Skipping verification can lead to permanent loss.

Bihar Land Records for Farmers

Land records help farmers in:

• Crop loans
• PM-Kisan benefits
• Insurance claims
• Subsidy applications
• Land consolidation

Correct records ensure timely benefits.

Bihar Land Records and Court Cases

Courts rely heavily on:

• Jamabandi
• Mutation entries
• Survey maps
• Registered deeds

Incorrect or outdated records can weaken your legal claim.

Charges for Bihar Land Record Services

Most online services are free.
However, for:

• Certified copies
• Physical verification
• Legal attestations

Nominal government fees may apply.

Safety Tips for Using Online Land Portals

• Use only official websites
• Never share OTP or Aadhaar details
• Avoid agents unless necessary
• Cross-verify records from multiple portals

Legal Validity of Bihar Land Records

Are Online Bihar Land Records Legally Valid?

Yes, online land records in Bihar are officially maintained by the Revenue and Land Reforms Department. These records are legally recognized for:

• Ownership verification
• Government schemes
• Mutation processing
• Administrative purposes

However, it is important to understand one key point:

Online land records are informative in nature. For legal proceedings, courts usually require certified copies issued by the Revenue Office.

Which Land Documents Are Considered Strong Legal Proof?

Document	Legal Strength
Registered Sale Deed	⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ (Highest)
Court Order	⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Jamabandi (RoR)	⭐⭐⭐⭐
Mutation Record	⭐⭐⭐
Bhunaksha Map	⭐⭐⭐

Jamabandi supports ownership but does not override registered deeds.

Bihar Land Records and Court Cases

Land records play a critical role in disputes related to:

• Ownership claims
• Boundary disputes
• Inheritance conflicts
• Encroachment cases
• Partition matters

Courts usually examine:

• Jamabandi history
• Mutation sequence
• Survey records
• Registration documents

Incorrect land records can weaken even a genuine claim, which is why timely correction is essential.

Government Schemes Linked with Land Records in Bihar

Accurate land records are mandatory for many government schemes.

Major Schemes That Require Land Records

PM-Kisan Samman Nidhi

• Requires updated Jamabandi
• Mutation must be complete
• Aadhaar-linked land data

Crop Loan & Kisan Credit Card (KCC)

• Jamabandi verification
• Landholding proof

Land Acquisition Compensation

• Ownership confirmation
• Plot-wise records

Housing & Development Schemes

• Residential land classification
• Clear ownership

Land Survey and Settlement in Bihar

What Is Land Survey?

A land survey is a government process to:

• Measure land accurately
• Update boundaries
• Correct old survey errors
• Resolve disputes

Bihar has conducted multiple surveys, including:

• Cadastral Survey
• Revisional Survey
• Special Survey

Survey updates directly affect Jamabandi and Bhunaksha records.

How Survey Impacts Land Records

• Plot numbers may change
• Area measurements may differ
• Ownership remarks get updated
• Old errors may be corrected

Landowners should always verify survey updates.

Bihar Land Record Digitization: Challenges & Reality

Major Challenges

• Old handwritten records
• Inconsistent spellings
• Incomplete digitization
• Survey mismatches
• Server downtime

Despite these challenges, digitization has improved access significantly.

Common Land Frauds in Bihar & How to Avoid Them

Frequent Land Scams

• Selling government land
• Fake Jamabandi copies
• Duplicate sale deeds
• Boundary manipulation
• Unauthorized mutation

How to Stay Safe

• Verify land records online
• Match Jamabandi with Bhunaksha
• Check registration office records
• Avoid cash transactions
• Consult legal experts

How Land Records Help in Property Investment

For investors, Bihar land records help in:

• Risk assessment
• Ownership verification
• Title clarity
• Future appreciation planning

Verified land always has higher resale value.

FINAL Conclusion: Land Record Bihar

The Bihar land record system has evolved from manual registers to digital platforms, empowering citizens with transparency and easy access. Understanding Jamabandi, mutation, Bhunaksha, surveys, and legal validity is essential to protect land ownership and avoid disputes.

Whether you are checking land records for farming, buying property, applying for loans, or resolving disputes, correct and updated land records are your strongest protection.

With continued digitization and public awareness, Bihar’s land governance is steadily moving toward a more transparent and citizen-friendly system.

Frequently Asked Questions